How to go to the opera and get from this only pleasure, not disappointment? How not to fall asleep during symphony concerts, and then regret only that all this quickly ended? How do you understand music, which, at first glance, seems to be quite old-fashioned?
It turns out that everyone can learn all this. Children are taught this in the music school (and very, I must say, successfully), but any adult can master all the secrets himself. A textbook of musical literature will come to the rescue. And do not need to be afraid of the word "textbook". As a textbook for a child, then for an adult is a “fairy tale book with pictures”, which intrigues and fascinates with its “interestingness”.
On the subject of "musical literature"
Perhaps, one of the most interesting subjects that students of the music school study is music literature. In terms of its content, this course is somewhat similar to a literature course that is studied in a regular secondary school: only instead of writers are composers, instead of poems and prose, the best pieces of music from classical and modern times.
The knowledge given in music literature classes develops scholarship and unusually expands the horizons of young musicians in the areas of music proper, domestic and foreign history, fiction, theater and painting. The same knowledge also has a direct impact on practical music lessons (playing the instrument).
Music literature needs to be studied by everyone.
Proceeding from exceptional utility, it is possible to recommend a course of musical literature to adults and aspiring self-taught musicians. No other musical course provides such fullness and fundamental knowledge of music, its history, styles, eras and composers, genres and forms, musical instruments and singing voices, ways of playing and composing, expressive means and possibilities of music, etc.
What exactly is held in the course of musical literature?
Music literature is a compulsory subject for study at all branches of the music school. This subject is held for four years, during which young musicians get acquainted with dozens of various artistic and musical works.
The first year - "Music, its forms and genres"
The first year, as a rule, is devoted to stories about the basic musical expressive means, genres and forms, musical instruments, various types of orchestras and ensembles, about how to properly listen to music and understand music.
The second year - "Foreign musical literature"
The second year is usually aimed at mastering the stratum of foreign musical culture. The story about it begins with antiquity itself, from its inception, through the Middle Ages, to major composer personalities. Six composers are allocated in separate large themes and are studied on several lessons. This is a German baroque composer I.S. Bach, three "Viennese classics" - J. Haydn, V.A. Mozart and L. van Beethoven, romantics F. Schubert and F. Chopin. There are quite a few romantic composers, there is not enough time to get acquainted with the work of each of them in school lessons, but a general idea of the music of romanticism is, of course, given.
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Judging by the works, the textbook of musical literature of foreign countries introduces us to an impressive list of various compositions. This is the Mozart opera Le nozze di Figaro, based on the plot of the French playwright Beaumarchais, and as many as 4 symphonies - the 103rd Haydn (the so-called C tremolo timpani), the 40th famous Mozart minor minor symphony, Beethoven’s Symphony No. 5 with its theme Fate "and Schubert's Unfinished Symphony, of the major symphonic works, the Egmont Beethoven Overture is also played.
In addition, piano sonatas are being studied - Beethoven’s 8th “Pathetic” Sonata, Mozart’s 11th Sonata with its famous “Turkish Rondo” in the final, and Haydn’s Radiant D Major Sonata. Of the other piano works, the book introduces etudes, nocturne, polonaise, and mazurkas by the great Polish composer Chopin. Vocal works are also studied - songs by Schubert, his brilliant song-prayer "Ave Maria", the ballad "The Forest King" on Goethe's text, the beloved "Evening Serenade", a number of other songs, as well as the vocal cycle "The Beautiful Miller".
Third year "Russian musical literature of the XIX century"
The third year of study is entirely devoted to Russian music from its most ancient times and almost until the end of the XIX century. What kind of questions do not affect the initial chapters telling about folk music, about church singing art, about the origin of secular art, about the major composers of the classical era - Bortnyansky and Berezovsky, about the romance of Varlamov, Gurilev, Alyabyev and Verstovsky.
As the central figures of six major composers are again being promoted: M.I. Glinka, A.S. Dargomyzhsky, A.P. Borodin, MP Mussorgsky, N.A. Rimsky-Korsakov, PI Tchaikovsky. Each of them is presented not only as a brilliant artist, but also as a unique personality. For example, Glinka is called the ancestor of Russian classical music, Dargomyzhsky - the teacher of musical truth. Borodin, being a chemist, composed music only "on weekends", and Musorgsky and Tchaikovsky, on the contrary, left the service for the sake of music, Rimsky-Korsakov in his youth went to circumnavigate the globe.
M.I. Glinka opera “Ruslan and Lyudmila”
The musical material that is mastered at this stage is extensive and serious. A whole series of great Russian operas is performed this year: "Ivan Susanin", "Ruslan and Lyudmila" by Glinka, "Mermaid" Dargomyzhsky, "Prince Igor" Borodina, "Boris Godunov" by Mussorgsky, "Snow Maiden", "Sadko" and "Tale of the Tsar" Saltan "Rimsky-Korsakov," Eugene Onegin "Tchaikovsky. Getting acquainted with these operas, students unwittingly come into contact with the works of literature that form the basis of them. Moreover, if we are talking specifically about the music school, then these classic works of literature will be recognized before they are taught in the general education school - is this not good?
In addition to operas in the same period, many romances are studied (Glinka, Dargomyzhsky, Tchaikovsky), among which again are those written on verses of the great Russian poets. There are also symphonies - Borodin's "The Bogatyr", "Winter Dreams" and "Pathetic" by Tchaikovsky, as well as the brilliant symphonic suite of Rimsky-Korsakov - "Scheherazade" based on the fairy tales "Thousand and One Nights". From the works of the piano can be called major cycles: "Pictures from the exhibition" Musorgsky and "Seasons" by Tchaikovsky.
Fourth year - "Domestic music of the XX century"
The fourth book on musical literature corresponds to the fourth year of study of the subject. At this time, the interests of students are focused in the direction of the national music of the XX and XXI century. Unlike previous editions of textbooks on musical literature, this latter is updated with enviable regularity - the material for study is completely redrawn, filled with information about the latest achievements of academic music.
Ss Prokofiev ballet “Romeo and Juliet”
The fourth issue describes the achievements of composers such as S.V. Rachmaninov, A.N. Scriabin, I.F. Stravinsky, S.S. Prokofiev, DD Shostakovich, G.V. Sviridov, as well as a whole pleiad of composers of the most recent time or modernity - V.А. Gavrilina, R.K. Shchedrin, E.V. Tishchenko and others.
The range of works being analyzed is unusually expanding. It’s not necessary to list all of them; it’s enough to name such masterpieces as the Second Concerto for Piano and Rachmaninov’s Piano and Orchestra, Stravinsky’s famous ballets (Petrushka, The Firebird) and Prokofiev (Romeo and Juliet, Cinderella “),“ Leningrad ”symphony of Shostakovich,“ A poem in memory of Sergei Yesenin ”by Sviridov and many other brilliant works.
What are textbooks on music literature?
Today there are not many variants of textbooks on musical literature for school, but still “diversity”. One of the very first textbooks in which they studied en masse - books from the series of textbooks on the musical literature of the author I.A. Prokhorovoy. More modern popular authors - V.E. Bryantseva, O.I. Averyanova.
The author of textbooks of musical literature, in which almost the whole country is engaged now - Maria Shornnikova. She owns textbooks for all four levels of schooling the subject. It is nice that in the last edition the textbooks are also provided with a disc with the recording of passable works in the best performance - this is how the question of finding the right musical material for lessons, homework or for independent study is solved. Recently, many other excellent books on musical literature have appeared. I repeat that such textbooks with great benefit for themselves can read and adults.
These textbooks quickly fly away in stores, they are not so easy to get. The fact is that they are published in very small editions, and instantly turn into a bibliographic rarity. To not waste your time searching, I suggest order the entire series of these textbooks right from this page at publisher prices: just click on the "Buy" button and place an order in the online store window that appears. Next, select the method of payment and delivery. And instead of going around bookstores looking for these books, you’ll get them in just a couple of minutes.
I remind you that today, somehow by chance, we started talking about the literature that would be useful to any beginning musician or simply interested in classical music of a person. Yes, let it textbooks, but try to open them, and then break away from reading?
Textbooks on musical literature are some kind of wrong textbooks, too interesting to be called simply textbooks. Future crazy musicians study them in their crazy music schools, and at night, when young musicians are sleeping, these parents read with enthusiasm their parents because it is interesting! Here!
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